Sikhism is a monotheistic religion founded in the 15th century in the region of Punjab, which is
now divided between India and Pakistan. The central religious scripture of Sikhism is
the Guru Granth Sahib, which is considered the eternal Guru (spiritual guide) of the Sikhs. Here
are some key aspects and teachings of Sikhism:
Sikhism is a monotheistic religion founded in the 15th century in the Punjab by Guru Nanak Dev Ji. It
emphasizes the belief in one God, Waheguru, and stresses the importance of meditation, selfless service,
and equality among all humans. Sikhs follow the teachings of ten successive Gurus, as recorded in the
holy book, Guru Granth Sahib.
The core principles of Sikhism include honest living, rejecting discrimination based on caste,
creed, or gender. Sikhs wear five articles of faith, known as the Five Ks, including uncut hair,
a comb, a steel bracelet, a sword, and Kachera (special undergarments).
The community gathers at Gurdwaras (Sikh places of worship) to engage in prayers, hymns, and langar, a
free communal meal. Sikhism promotes peaceful coexistence and encourages adherents to pursue a
life of spiritual growth, social responsibility, and compassion for all beings.
Founder:
Sikhism was founded by Guru Granth Sahib, who was born in 1469 in Talwandi (now
Nankana Sahib, Pakistan). He was the first of the ten Gurus.
Concept of God:
Sikhs believe in one formless, eternal, and omnipresent God, referred to as
Waheguru. Sikhism rejects idol worship and promotes a personal relationship with the
waheguru.
The Guru Granth Sahib is considered the living Guru of the Sikhs. It contains
the teachings of the Sikh Gurus as well as writings from other saints and poets of different
religious backgrounds. It is written in Gurmukhi script.
Ten Gurus:
The Gurus played a significant role in shaping Sikhism. They were spiritual
leaders and imparted teachings based on love, equality, and devotion to God. The final physical
Guru, was Guru Gobind Singh Ji, who declared the Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal Guru of the Sikhs before his death.
Naam Japna: Sikhs practice constant remembrance and meditation on God's name.
Kirat Karo: Sikhs are encouraged to earn a living through honest means and engage in selfless service to humanity.
Vand Chhako: Sharing with others and promoting equality is emphasized.
Here are some key beliefs and practices in Sikhism:
Oneness of God: Sikhs believe in the concept of "Ik Onkar," which means "One God." They view God as
formless, transcendent, and beyond human comprehension. Sikhism rejects the notion of idol worship
and emphasizes direct connection with the Waheguru.
Guru Granth Sahib: The central religious scripture of Sikhism is the Guru Granth Sahib, also known
as the Adi Granth. It is considered the eternal Guru and serves as the guide and source of spiritual
wisdom for Sikhs. The Guru Granth Sahib consists of hymns and writings of Sikh Gurus, saints, and
other spiritual leaders.
Equality and Humanity: Sikhs believe in the equality of all human beings, regardless of their
gender, caste, race, or social status. They reject discrimination and advocate for the dignity and
respect of every individual.
Sewa (Selfless Service): Service to others, known as "sewa," is a core practice in Sikhism. Sikhs
are encouraged to engage in selfless acts of service to help those in need and contribute to the
well-being of society.
Simran (Meditation): Meditation and constant remembrance of God, known as "simran," are vital
aspects of Sikh spirituality. Through simran, Sikhs seek to establish a personal connection with the
Divine and attain spiritual growth.
Naam Japna (Recitation of God's Name): Sikhs are encouraged to recite the name of God, known as
"Naam Japna," as a way to stay spiritually connected and maintain mindfulness throughout their daily
lives.
Kirat Karo (Honest Living): Sikhs believe in leading an honest and ethical life. They are encouraged
to earn a living through honest means and hard work, avoiding fraud and exploitation.
Kirtan (Singing of Hymns): Music and devotional singing, known as "kirtan," play an essential role
in Sikh worship. It is a way of expressing devotion and gratitude to the Divine.
Amrit Sanchar (Baptism): Sikhs who choose to commit themselves fully to the faith may undergo the
initiation ceremony known as "Amrit Sanchar" or "Amrit Chhakna." During this ceremony, initiated
Sikhs take a pledge to follow the Sikh code of conduct and uphold the values of the faith.
These beliefs and practices guide Sikhs in their pursuit of spiritual growth, ethical living, and
contributing positively to society.
Kanga: A wooden comb to keep the hair neat and clean.
Kachera: Cotton undergarments as a reminder of moral restraint.
Kirpan: A ceremonial sword symbolizing a Sikh's duty to defend the weak and uphold justice.
Equality and Social Justice:Sikhism promotes the idea of equality and rejects discrimination based on caste, gender, or religion. The concept of "Langar (Free Community Kitchen)" represents the community kitchen in SikhGurudwaras (places of worship) where everyone, regardless of their background, is welcomed to share a free meal.
Seva:Sikhs place great emphasis on selfless service (seva) to others. This includes volunteering, providing humanitarian aid, and contributing to the welfare of society.
Reincarnation and Liberation:Sikhism believes in the cycle of birth and death and the concept of karma. Liberation from this cycle is achieved through devotion to God and living a righteous life.
Gurudwara: Gurudwaras are Sikh places of worship where the Guru Granth Sahib is kept and where Sikhs gather for prayer, singing of hymns, and listening to religious discourses.
Festivals:Sikhs celebrate several festivals, including:
Vaisakhi: Commemorates the formation of the Khalsa in 1699 by Guru Gobind Singh Ji.
Diwali: Celebrated as Bandi Chhor Divas, marking the release of Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji and other prisoners from captivity.
Sikhism is a peaceful religion that emphasizes the importance of love, service, and devotion to God. Its teachings promote equality, social justice, and the pursuit of a righteous life.
